LEGAL PRINCIPLE: When anyone uses his property in such a manner as to cause damage to others, he commits the wrongful act of private nuisance.
FACTUAL SITUATION: X and Y are the owners of adjoining flats. X leased his flat to R an AIDS patient and activist. Fearing the spread of the disease, Y’s tenant vacated his flat and since then no tenant is ready to move in Y’s flat, Y repeatedly requested X to change his tenant, but to no use.
Now Y has filed a suit against X for causing private nuisance.

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: Confession made in the court should be free and voluntary.
FACTUAL SITUATION: Sumeet wanted to give an expensive gift to his girl friend on her birthday. But he did not have the enough money. So he snatched a gold chain from an old lady. Police arrested Sumeet on suspicion and in the lock up the investigating officer told him that if he would admit his guilt he shall be set free. Sumeet confesses his guilt in the court.

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: A person, who lawful, brings on his land something which though harmless, but will do mischief if it escapes, must keep it at his peril, and if he does not, he is answerable for all the damage.
FACTUAL SITUATION: ‘A was the owner of a mill. In order to supply it with water he constructed a reservoir upon nearby land by employing engineers and contractors. ‘B’ was the owner of coal mines, under lands, close to but not adjoining the premises on which the reservoir was constructed. The contractors, while excavating for the bed of the reservoir, came upon abandoned shafts and filled them with soil not suspecting that that they were abandoned mine shafts. The reservoir was completed and partly filled. Within days the bed of the reservoir gave way and burst, leading to flow of water through the channels connected with B’s mine. Is ‘A’ liable to pay damages for loss caused to ‘B’?
DECISION:

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: Every person has a right to defend his own person, properly or possession an immediate harm and to that end, may against use amount of force.
FACTUAL SITUATION: Mr. Gemini was passing by Mrs. Vadhera’s house. At that time, Mrs. Vadhera’s dog, ran out and bit Mr. Gemini’s overcoat. Mr. Gemini turned around and shot at the dog, However, the dog, ran away. While the dog was far away from Mr. Gemini, Mr. Gemini shot the dog dead as he believed that the dog, had bitten other persons in the locality. Mrs. Vadhera filed a suit for damages as her dog was of a rare breed and worth 5000.
DECISION:

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: For a breach of contract, compensation can be claimed for the personal inconvenience suffesred by a party by reason of the breach, which naturally arose in the usual course of things from such breach, or which the parties knew, when they made the contract to be likely to result from the breach of the contract.

FACTUAL SITUATION: Mr. Anil and Mrs. Seema Shah purchased bus tickets from a private bus company for a journey from Rainagar to Baruch via Amreli. The bus driver, by mistake, took them in a wrong direction and dropped them at a distance of 3 miles from Amreli on the State highway. Mr. and Mrs. Shah had to walk the distance of 3 miles as there was no mode of transport available and it was midnight. Mr. and Mrs. Shah filed a suit against the bus company and claimed 2,500 as damages for inconvenience suffered for walking and 5000 in respect of Mrs. Seema Shah’s catching a cold during that night.
DECISION:

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: Nuisance means an unlawful interference with a person’s use or enjoyment of land. It includes interference with comfort, health and safety of the other.
FACTUAL SITUATION: A and neighbours in a residential locality of Della They had condial relations. A suddenly decided to run singing and dancing dases from his hene While running the classes, he use to play loud mink has two school going children who were studying seriously as their examinations were approaching pleaded with A to tone down the loudspeakers. but the latter refused I went to the court pleading nuisance. Can he succeed?
DECISION

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: A right of action cannot out of an illegal activity.

FACTUAL SITUATION: A and B were thieves engaged in stealing cars and other vehicles. One day they stole a car and while driving through a city, they engaged a driver to drive them through the city, as they did not know the route inside the city. As the indicator lamp of the car was not working and the thieves were unaware of this, they had not told about it to the driver due to which another car belonging to X was damaged and his driver suffered injuries. X and his driver file a suit for damages against A and B.

DECISION:

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: No person shall deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.

FACTUAL SITUATION: A resident of Noida summoned by the Delhi High Court as a witness against the Jessica Lal munder case. A denied to appear before the Court due to his office job. He was prosecuted by the court

QUESTION: Whether A is liable or not.

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: Nothing is an offence which is done in the exercise of right of private defence.
FACTUAL SITUATION: Naman and Nitin are students staying in a Boy’s Hostel. Monika is a beautiful girl staying in a Girl’s Hostel. Naman and Nitin both fall in love with Monika. They both quarrel and then they start fighting over Monika. One day, Naman accompanied with some friends and armed with iron rods, reaches Nitin’s room and abuses him. On seeing many boys in an offensive mood, Nitin throws boiling tea over Naman’s face, due to which his skin is badly burnt.

DECISION:

LEGAL PRINCIPLE: Contract an agreement freely entered into between the parties.

FACTUAL SITUATION: Ramlal was dealer in cement. The of India, by an order issued under the Essential Commodities Act, fixed the price of cement, and the quantity which a person can buy from the dealer. Ramlal carried on his business under this new order for sometime, but he refused to pay sales tax on his sale transactions on the ground that these were not the contracts freely entered into by him.
DECISION: